So, let's try another example here, and let's try a case now where instead of dealing with a neutral molecule we have an ion, so we have c n minus.

那么，让我们来试一下另外一个例子，这次不是一个中性原子,而是一个离子，氰离子。

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Understanding the D-N-A molecule has opened up new areas of research.

了解脱氧核糖核酸的分子结构开辟了一个研究的新领域。

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Ha has functional groups such as hydroxyl, carboxyl and N-acetyl, therefore, it can be modified by cross-linking, esterification, graft, molecule modification and composition.

HA具有羟基、羧基和乙酰胺基等官能团，可通过交联、酯化、接枝、分子修饰和复合等方法进行改性。

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So, if we think about the second case here where we have c n minus, now we're talking about a molecule with a net charge of negative 1.

那么，如果我们考虑的是第二个例子,也就是氰离子，那么现在我们讨论的是一个净电荷量为负一的分子。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So, let's try another example here, and let's try a case now where instead of dealing with a neutral molecule we have an ion, so we have c n minus.

那么，让我们来试一下另外一个例子，这次不是一个中性原子,而是一个离子，氰离子。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So we have 4 plus 5, but we're actually not done yet, because it's c n minus, so if we have minus, we actually have an extra electron in our molecule.

我们有四个加上五个，但是我们实际上还没做完，因为这是个负离子，所以如果我们有这个负号，那么我们的分子实际上还有一个额外的电子。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选