A needle dust as the model of the intergalactic dust is emploied, which is used to explain the reason why the supernova light tracks intergalactic space do not redden obviously.

建立了星系际尘埃的针型模型，该模型能很好地解释高红移超新星的星光通过星系际空间时没有产生明显红化效应的原因。

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This paper think human resources belong to homogeneity, should needle adopt different measurement model to different human resources of kind at the same time.

本文同时认为人力资源并非同质的，应该针对不同类的人力资源采纳不同的计量模型。

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Grounding on the condition of force acting on the fluid in the syringe needle, a simple evaluation model is attained for the flow rate and the dot volume.

针对针尖胶体的受力情况，建立了一个简单的流量或胶点体积估计模型。

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