Researchers test the equations, determine whether they're still incomplete or based on flawed data, use them to identify new questions, and apply them to messy reality.

研究人员则测试这些方程，弄清它们是否还不完善，或是否基于有缺陷的数据，并运用它们辨别新的问题，或将它们应用到混乱的现实生活中。

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The data itself is messy - it comes as a PDF, which is watermarked and locked, to make copying as difficult as possible.

数据本身是混乱的，它以一份PDF呈现，有水印并且被锁上，要复制相当的困难。

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This could get messy if you had a lot of data being submitted.

如果提交很多数据，可能会导致混乱。

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Despite these sophisticated techniques, which economists now apply as a matter of course, the analysis of economic data remains messy.

ECONOMIST: Economics focus

We all seek smarter ways to find the most relevant information for our work and life so filtering messy amounts of big data will continue to be a popular kind of business service that will force sweeping changes in most all markets and professions.

FORBES: The Revolution That's Transforming Our Lives

Raw transaction data is the messy one-line sentence that appears on a bank or credit card statement.

FORBES: Blippy Apologizes For Google-Searchable Credit Cards, Announces New Security Plan