Genes — discrete segments of long DNA molecules — transcribe their sequences onto single-strand messenger RNA molecules, which then serve as templates for proteins.

对遗传信息进行编码。基因——长长的脱氧核糖核酸分子中的不连续的片段——把它们的序列转录成单线信使核糖核酸分子，核糖核酸又成为蛋白质的模板。

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Unlike most genes that are encoded as DNA and produce proteins, these tiny genes act by controlling much larger messenger RNAs, which carry the protein-making instructions of the DNA.

不像大多数编码为DNA和产生蛋白质的基因那样，这些微小基因的作用是通过控制更大的信使RNAs，传递DNA制造蛋白质的指令。

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In short, DNA makes messenger RNA, and messenger RNA makes proteins.

简言之，脱氧核糖核酸产生了信使核糖核酸，信使核糖核酸又产生了蛋白质。

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It's called cDNA or complimentary DNA to indicate that it's a copy, a complimentary copy of the messenger RNA.

它叫cDNA或者互补DNA,意味着它是一个拷贝,一个信使RNA反转录得出的DNA拷贝

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The end result of transcription is not double stranded DNA, it's single stranded RNA where the RNA that's produced is called messenger RNA.

最终的转录产物并非双链的DNA,而是单链的RNA,称为信使RNA

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Before, we talked about how do you know what messenger RNA to make, how do you know what RNA to copy from a DNA template?

在之前的课上,我们说到如何判断mRNA的具体序列,如何判断RNA从DNA模板复制了什么

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The experimental drugs latch on to the sense strand of RNA, a messenger form of DNA, thereby blocking the RNA from producing proteins that cause disease.

FORBES: Antisense and Sensibility

Antisense instead binds to the RNA messenger molecules that ferry genetic information from the DNA to the cell.

FORBES: Magazine Article