The strategies are mainly avoidance, mental translation, paraphrase, transfers, coinage, and retention of some linguistic chunks.
这些策略的运用使得他们在英语作文时使用的词汇量偏少，并存在大量的语内、语际迁移错误；
Fifth, try “mental translation” when you come to something, such as a flash of advertising and the words you hear occasionally, and so on.
尽可能“心译”你接触到的东西，如一闪而过的广告和偶尔听到的话语等。
This is also the case for the translation test professional, who has mastered the language for which they test and developed a mental list of common problem areas.
对于翻译测试专业人员也是如此，他们掌握了要进行测试的语言并且在脑海里形成了常见问题区域的列表。
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