The findings add another wrinkle to a problem climate scientists have been warning about since the record melt of 2007: after each summer meltback, the Arctic Ocean refreezes completely in winter.

这个结果在原有的基础上，给气候问题增加了另一个新的曲折。 自2007年融化的冰的面积创纪录，气候科学家们已经警告：每年夏季反复融化冻结后，北冰洋在冬天冰会完全冻结的。

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The rapid meltback this year is probably due to anomalous weather patterns over the Arctic which have brought temperatures one to three degrees above the decadal averages for 1981-2010.

UNESCO: Social and Human Sciences