And since 2010, the Ministry ofEducationandScience has held a competitionfor mega-grants. Each winner of a mega-grant receives 3.5 million euros to establish aworld-classlaboratoryinRussia.
Therein lies the origin of university science departments, regional agglomerations such as Silicon Valley and Route 128, and mega-laboratories at leading high-technology firms including Merck, Microsoft and Monsanto.