The learning motivation is brought into play under cooperation of other coordinate factors of learning initiative, and does its work through some medium factors.

学习动机是影响学习效果的重要因素，但并非是唯一的因素，学习动机必须配合学习积极性的其它并列因素，并通过若干中介因素来发挥作用。

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When the top line is not growing by much, the way to keep enhancing the bottom line is to get after all the short to medium term cost factors and continually sweat the assets.

FORBES: Opinions

Other factors for the rating change included the continuing weakness in the medium-term growth outlook.

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Optimism is not warranted, though, as fundamental factors are poised to keep the market tight and prices high in the medium to long-run.

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