In the past, bank credit was rationed, and other non-bank sources of medium to long-term debt were effectively suppressed.

以往，银行信贷是限量供应的，中长期贷款的其它非银行来源也被有效封堵。

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Policies on loan and credit shall be formulated and adjusted at due time to guide the aggregate and direction of the medium - and long-range loans.

适时制定和调整信贷政策，引导中长期贷款的总量和投向。

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Hopefully in the coming year, the Federal Reserve can find a happy medium between stimulating growth and not keeping rates too low for too long, and lenders will again open up credit lines but also hold borrowers to a higher standard.

FORBES: Now For A Taste Of Some Austrian Economics

In Britain, banks still face high borrowing costs and remain nervous about lending more to small and medium-sized enterprises: a new credit-easing programme about to be introduced by the BoE and the Treasury is long overdue.

ECONOMIST: Quantitative easing: QE, or not QE? | The