The passive view on learning and the mechanical view on teaching should be opposed.

坚决反对被动的学习观和机械的教学观；

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In science, Newton offered this mechanical view of the Universe. When there is a known cause, you will know with certainty its effect, like the Moon orbiting around the Earth.

在科学领域，牛顿则提出了对宇宙的机械的看法：只要原因已知，则结果已经确定，如月球必然绕着地球转。

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The mechanical world view is fading and the living systems world view is arising.

机械的世界观正在衰退，而生态系统的世界观正在显现。

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As a kid I would take things apart and put them back together from a mechanical point of view.

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It is striking that participants do not view literacy classes or training courses as a set of mechanical skills or information that must be learned, but rather as a process of empowerment made possible by the exchange between participants, and between the self and the written word.

UNESCO: Associates in Research & Education for Development (ARED)