The two economists’ opposing philosophies so frustrated him that he switched for a while to mathematics, and at that time had his first introduction to people who were teaching marketing.

这两位经济学家对立的思想观点让他很是迷茫，因此有段时间他转而学习数学。 就是在那段时间里第一次接触了教授营销学的一批人。

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When economists are faced with analysing this sort of decision, they reach for a branch of mathematics called game theory.

经济学家分析此类问题的时候，运用上了一种称为游戏理论的数学分支。

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More importantly, until Johann Heinrich von Thünen's The Isolated State in 1826, economists did not develop explicit and abstract models for behavior in order to apply the tools of mathematics.

更重要的是，直到约翰海因里希冯屠能的离体国家在1826年，经济学家没有制订明确的和抽象的行为模式，以应用数学工具。

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