Like every other part of the oil industry, refining is suffering from an acute shortage of building materials and skilled Labour.

石油行业处处都面临建材严重不足、熟练工人匮乏，炼油企业也未能幸免。

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Despite the shortage of raw materials industrial output has increased by ten percent.

尽管原材料短缺，工业产量仍增长百分之十。

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On the other hand, one of the most serious questions was the shortage of materials, since each armoured train demanded 64-67 tons of armour and 640 tons of black oil to be consumed.

另一方面，最严重的问题是原料紧缺，每一个装甲列车需要耗费掉64 - 67吨装甲板和640吨原油。

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However, the quality, efficiency and effectiveness of these programmes has been undermined by a lack of adequate resources, an acute shortage of trained manpower, a severe lack of educational and other instructional materials, a shortage of learning spaces and insufficient motivation for teachers and literacy facilitators due to poor working conditions.

UNESCO: Integrated Intergenerational Literacy Project (IILP)

We expect that the shortage of materials experienced by these customers will be resolved in the coming quarters.

FORBES: Connect

Longer stoppages would be even more expensive, as more and more parts of the economy were touched by a shortage of materials.

ECONOMIST: A battle on the docks would be bad news for American business