The fibers can occupy up to one third of the material volume to considerably improve the material strength and stiffness.

纤维可占材料体积的三分之一以极大改善材料的强度和硬度。

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The existence of the soft layer could increase the material volume removed by one particle and increase the material removal rate during CMP.

软质层的存在一方面增大单个磨料所去除材料的体积，增加材料去除速率；

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This process is termed "replacement" because solutions have dissolved the original material and replaced it with an equal volume of the new substance.

这个过程被称为“置换”，因为溶液溶解了原来的物质，并用等量的新物质取而代之。

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We could just collect a bunch of data. For a material .What's the volume it occupies at some pressure and temperature?

对一种物质我们可以得到一系列测量数据,在给定的温度和气压下,它的体积是什么？

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

But because in many cases we can reasonably either model or measure equations of state, collect data for a material for its temperature, pressure, volume relations, then in fact if we can relate all these quantities to those then in fact we really can calculate essentially all of the thermodynamics. For the material.

但是因为在很多情况下,我们能够合理的给出状态方程的模型,或者通过收集一个物质的，温度，压强和体积之间的关系,来测量其状态方程，所以实际上我们可以给出压强等物理量,和热力学势之间的关系,并计算出所有的热力学势，对于给定的物质。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

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