Structures are always subjected to various adverse factors during its long-time service, such as fatigue, environmental corrosion, material aging, etc.

在结构长期服役期间，疲劳、环境腐蚀和材料老化等因素的作用会引起结构损伤的累积。

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For the reasons of design, construction and material aging, plate type elastomeric pad used on bridge would appear unusual deformation, cracks, glide etc.

板式橡胶支座在使用过程中，由于设计和施工的原因以及材料老化的原因，易发生异常变形、开裂、滑动支座不能滑动等病害。

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Such as material aging, not perfect, the craft falling behind, consuming greatly, high cost, unsteady production, and low output mass in these entry-level step's sign kilns.

这些初级阶段的立窑装备老化、不完善，工艺落后，消耗大，成本高，生产不稳定，产量质量低，它们正处于被淘汰的处境。

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