Based on margin pricing theory, a new mathematic model is proposed for reactive power pricing taking voltage security risk into account.

基于边际价格理论，提出考虑系统电压安全风险的无功定价数学模型。

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In addition to subscriptions, the revenue model includes referral fees, transaction fees, consumption-based pricing, performance-based pricing, reseller margin, and revenue sharing.

除订阅外，收入来源还有介绍费、交易费、基于消费的定价、基于性能的定价、转销收益及收入分成。

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Its gross profit margin slipped from 14.1% to 12.6% as the company blamed diminished demand and 'aggressive pricing' for falling profits.

毛利率从14.1%降至12.6%，联想将这归咎于需求的下降和大幅削价。

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However, possible commodity inflation and the rising value of Dollar vis-a-vis Euro may pose profit margin and pricing challenges for Heinz in future year.

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Oil, technology and basic industrials are suffering margin contraction from pricing and weakening revenues.

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The company managed to leverage its pricing at the margin, raising revenue per unit 10% compared with a volume growth of 3% in the quarter.

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