The study did not follow the subjects long enough to document what effect the genetic changes may actually have on the lung tissue, but Crystal says those studies are forthcoming.

这项研究还不能确定基因变化会对肺组织产生什么样的具体影响，但是克里斯多博士说关于此的研究会继续的。

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Health costs, he points out, are determined by long-term conditions-things like diabetes, heart disease, obesity and lung disease, which are usually linked to lifestyle and diet.

他指出，医疗费用是由长期的条件决定的，如糖尿病，心脏病，肥胖和肺部疾病，这通常与生活方式和饮食习惯有关。

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Coal miners far and away have the highest mortality rate from pneumoconiosis, or black lung disease, which is cause by long-term exposure to coal dust.

尘肺和黑肺病都是因长期接触煤尘所致，那煤矿工无疑是由这两种病导致的死亡率最高的人群。

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Jesse Owens died of lung cancer in 1980 and Luz Long was killed in action during World War II.

VOA: standard.2009.08.19

Reynolds, the country's second-biggest cigarette maker, not liable for the death of a life-long smoker from lung cancer.

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Among the deceased: Richard Egan, the founder of storage giant EMC Corp, who died of a self-inflicted shotgun wound, after enduring a long battle with lung cancer.

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People exposed to PCBs in the air for a long time have experience lung and skin irritation.

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