In less than a decade they grew to a size and scale that places like London and Paris had taken many hundreds of years to achieve.

它们在不到十年的时间里实现了伦敦和巴黎等地数百年才能实现的大小和规模。

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Professor Karl Friston, a neuroscientist at University College London, told the Scientific American journal the techniques used in the small-scale study were rigorous.

伦敦大学学院的神经学家——Karl Friston教授，对科学美国人杂志表明：在小范围调查里用的技术是十分精确的。

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In a statement, the London-based company said it "will continue with its strategy of operating and developing large scale, long life, low cost assets to generate significant value for shareholders."

本部设在伦敦的公司称力拓将坚持低成本营运，发展壮大公司资产，为股东提供可观收益。

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Sandusky, who worked on London's bid for the 2012 Olympics, said the two cities' bids were different in their scale, since London's games are aimed at regenerating large swathes of East London, "an area that's been poor since the times of Dickens, " he said.

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But the full scale of what London would face during the construction is only gradually emerging.

BBC: Ealing battles to get HS2 to go underground

Berlin State Secretary for Technology Nicolas Zimmer, a former entrepreneur himself, was keen to avoid comparison with London, in terms of scale and ambition.

WSJ: Berlin Eyes Careful Balance To Bolster Tech Sector