Localized heating from the welding process and subsequent rapid cooling induces welding shrinkage stresses along weld bead during welding thin-wall plate and causes structural buckling distortions.

在薄板焊接中，由于局部加热和迅速冷却产生了沿焊缝方向的焊接收缩应力，而导致焊接薄板发生屈曲变形。

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Study of the textures of chondrules confirms that they cooled rather quickly, in times measured in minutes or hours, so the heating events that formed them must have been localized.

对陨石球粒质地的研究证实，它们的冷却速度相当快，短则几分钟，长则数小时，因此形成陨石球粒的高温活动肯定是局部的。

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The temperature and thermal stress are found using electromagnetic heating applied to cracks, both localized and half-embedding, with partial crossovers in metal dies.

同时研究了金属模具中局部裂纹实施跨越止裂时的温度场和热应力场。

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