They worked with hand trowels, a plywood form for lining the shaft with concrete, inch by inch, and a sturdy hand-built crank for lowering a man to the bottom and sending up buckets of sand.
他们的作业工具是：挖土用的手工泥铲、浇筑混凝土井壁用的胶合板模板、还有手工制作摇杆。 摇杆将一个人送到井底，那个人就在井底一点点挖土然后再通过摇杆把沙子一桶桶送到地面。
On the basis of the analysis of shaft lining stress state and displacement state, proposed the back analytical method for determination of the elliptic load acting on shaft lining.
在分析受不均匀荷载作用的立井井壁应力和位移的基础上，提出了确定立井井壁椭圆荷载的反分析方法。
The fracture of shaft lining is a special type of engineering geologic disasters and is caused by interaction between mining and geological environment.
立井井壁破坏是一种特殊类型的工程地质灾害，是人类采矿活动和地质环境相互作用的结果。
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