...滞后值作为它们自己的工具变量,表2分别列出了动态面板GMM估计中差分方程(difference equation)和 水平方程 ( level equation )使用的工具及其滞后阶数,并给出了检验残差自相关的AR(1)、AR(2)统计量对应的p值和检验工具联合有效性的萨甘统计量对应的p...
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one-level equation 单能阶方程式
multi-level difference equation [数] 多层差分方程
level set equation levelset方程
level surface equation 水准面方程
two-level structural equation model 两层结构方程模型
two-level structural equation models 两层结构方程模型
That makes sense because we're losing energy, we're going to a level lower level, so we can give off that extra in the form of light. And we can actually write the equation for what we would expect the energy for the light to be.
这很合理,因为我们在损失能量,我们要到一个更低的能级去,我们要以光的形式给出额外的能量,我们可以写下光能量的方程。
So we know that we can relate to z effective to the actual energy level of each of those orbitals, and we can do that using this equation here where it's negative z effective squared r h over n squared, we're going to see that again and again.
我们知道我们可以将有效电荷量与,每个轨道的实际能级联系起来,我们可以使用方程去解它,乘以RH除以n的平方,它等于负的有效电荷量的平方,我们将会一次又一次的看到它。
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