Researchers from the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minn., found a twofold increase in learning disabilities in children who had more than one exposure to general anesthesia with surgery before age 2.

明尼苏达州罗彻斯特市马约诊所研究发现，给两岁以下儿童做手术麻醉，会给他们带来双倍学习障碍上的危害。

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The learning curve for minimally invasive spine surgery is a concern, as the patients who had been treated during the initial phases of some studies had higher complication rates53,55.

微创脊柱外科的学习曲线是一个问题，在一些研究的初期阶段，经过治疗的患者存在较高的并发症发生率53，55。

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Learning to speak a foreign language requires painstaking practice, and if that doesn't work, it might be time to for minor, yet painful oral surgery.

学外语需要勤加练习，但是努力练习仍然收效甚微的话，那么你可能需要做一个小小的口部手术了，虽然会有些疼。

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The 37-year-old actress previously said she decided to have the double mastectomy followed by reconstructive surgery after learning she carries a mutation of the BRCA1 gene, which sharply increases her risk of developing breast and ovarian cancer.

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In the case of Caesareans, knowing how to prepare for the procedure, being aware of the opportunities open to them during surgery, learning alternative positions for breastfeeding and ways to improve recovery can all radically improve the experience for many women, even if a Caesarean was not their original preference.

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Mr. Todashev's father, Abdulbaki Todashev, also said his son was disabled by knee surgery earlier this year and was learning to walk again at about the time of the Boston Marathon bombings.

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