In order to minimize the boundary layer effects, the nozzles were made as short as possible.

为了减少附面层效应，喷咀做得尽可能地短些。

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Dual-shot adds a second layer of colored, transparent or translucent polycarbonate on top of a base layer to produce secondary color blends and depth effects.

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Talks are complicated by the fact that -- unlike the ozone layer, in which it was clear solar rays that got through cause cancer -- climate change's health effects are generally indirect.

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The data, from NASA's TIMED mission, show that Earth's thermosphere (the layer above 62 miles or 100 km above the Earth's surface) "responds quite dramatically to the effects of the 11-year solar cycle, " Stan Solomon of the National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder, Colo.

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