With the matched layer boundary conditions being introduced, only the 1-D Fourier transform in space is needed for the PS method, greatly improving the computational efficiency.

此外，在伪谱法中引入匹配层边界条件后，只需对空间做一维傅里叶变换，大大提高了伪谱法的计算效率。

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This impervious layer or boundary will retard the free diffusion of moisture. This condition is referred to as case hardening.

这一不透气的壳层(或边界层)会阻滞水分自由扩散，这种情形称为表面硬化。

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By restricting knowledge of the system to a single layer, a boundary is placed on the overall system complexity, promoting substrate independence.

通过将系统知识限制在单个层，可以限制整个系统的复杂性，促进了底层的独立性。

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The reason, Bejan told LiveScience, has to do with something called a boundary layer.

MSN: Fastest swimmers make webbed hands out of water

The vortex generators themselves are pins or vanes that protrude from the surface and set up microscopic eddies in the boundary layer.

ECONOMIST: The turbulent world of swimming

When swimmers spread their fingers just right, each individual digit forms its own boundary layer, as if it's "dressed in a sleeve of water that moves with the finger, " Bejan said.

MSN: Fastest swimmers make webbed hands out of water