Application layer attacks Application layer attacks are the most common attacks today.

应用层的攻击应用层的攻击是今天最常见的攻击。

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The specification does not cover network layer vulnerability information such as network topology, TCP-related attacks, or other network layer issues.

规范中没有涉及网络层漏洞的信息，比如网络拓扑、TCP 相关的攻击，或网络层的其它问题。

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WAFs are deployed to establish an increased external security layer to detect and/or prevent attacks before they reach web applications.

WAF系统的部署，可以为web应用增加一个外部安全层来检测或防止攻击。

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The tool attacks the routing layer, affecting protocols like Mint Route and MultiHopLQI to collect, redirect or delete data.

FORBES: Researcher Throws A Wrench In IBM And HP's Sensor Networks