As lava flows and spreads to form a shield volcano, the volcano's eventual height depends on the new mountain's ability to support its own weight.

随着熔岩流动和扩散从而形成盾状火山，这座火山的最终高度取决于这座新火山支撑自身重量的能力。

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On occasion, animals and plants have been preserved after becoming immersed in tar or quicksand, trapped in ice or lava flows, or engulfed by rapid falls of volcanic ash.

有时，动物和植物被浸泡在焦油或流沙中，被困在冰或熔岩流中，或被迅速落下的火山灰吞没后被保存下来。

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From the small number of impact craters that appear on Martian lava flows, one can estimate that the planet was volcanically active as recently as a half-billion years ago—and may be active today.

从火星熔岩流上出现的少量陨石坑中，我们可以估计，在5亿年前，这个星球上的火山还很活跃——也许现在依然活跃。

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But a later mission, Mariner 9, showed in 1971 that the surface had extensive sand dunes, massive craters and huge lava flows.

ECONOMIST: Martian chronicles

The channels remained hidden because the once volcanically active region had been filled in by lava flows hundreds of millions years ago.

NPR: Radar Reveals Apparent Buried Channels On Mars

The crater floor is made of relatively new volcanic rock, formed by lava flows that would have covered any evidence of ancient bodies of water.

CNN: Mars rovers working overtime