According to Lakoff and Johnson (1980), the essence of metaphor is understanding and experiencing one kind of thing in terms of another.
莱考夫和约翰逊(1980)认为：隐喻的实质就是通过另一类事物来理解和经历某一类事物。
Lakoff and Johnson divide the conceptual metaphor into three kinds: orientational metaphor, ontological metaphor, structural metaphor.
莱考夫和约翰逊根据始源域的不同，把概念隐喻分为三大类：方位隐喻、本体隐喻和结构隐喻。
In the following ten years, Lakoff, Johnson, Langaker engage in systematical researches and experiments on the above aspects.
在随后的十年里，莱克夫、约翰逊、兰盖克从以上方面进行了系统的研究和试验。
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