The way things typically work is that there are leading and lagging indicators.

事务通常运作的方式是拥有引领和滞后指数。

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Changes in ratings are usually lagging indicators, following rather than causing economic hardship.

评级变动通常只是反应滞后的指标，它是经济困难的产物，而不是它的原因。

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Lagging indicators include metrics such as renewal rate and expansion.

滞后指标包括续约率和业务扩张指标；

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Earnings and sponsorship look good, but those are lagging indicators that tend to look best at the top.

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Moving averages are lagging indicators and only one bullet in an arsenal.

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Other, more traditional measures, such as the consumer price index (CPI) are merely lagging indicators of inflation or deflation that has occurred already.

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