As host of the Kyoto summit in 1997, Japan is keen to reposition itself at the forefront of the battle against climate change.

作为1997年京都气候峰会的东道国，日本迫切希望将自己重新定位于气候变化防御战的前沿。

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Amid negotiations on replacing the Kyoto protocol, at the climate summit in Copenhagen in December, India is emerging as one of the main obstacles to a global agreement.

今年12月关于气候问题的峰会将在哥本哈根举行，大会将就取代京都议定书一事开展一系列磋商，而印度将成为全球协议的主要障碍之一。

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Germany, host of this year's G8 summit, is trying to get the world to agree on what to do when the Kyoto protocol on curbing greenhouse gases runs out in 2012.

本年度G 8锋会举办方德国力图使世界各国在2012年《京都议定书》失效前就削减温室气体排放达成共识。

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The talks taking place this week in Barcelona will be the last before a major U.N.summit in December where delegates will hash out a new deal to replace the Kyoto Protocol.

VOA: standard.2009.11.04

UN's Kyoto summit in 1997, at which rich countries agreed to binding cuts in emissions, the industry spent a fortune pressing its line that the issue is nonsense.

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In this audio section, BBC World Service environment specialist Richard Black explains the so-called greenhouse effect, global warming, the implications for the human race and the significance of the Kyoto summit.

BBC: See and hear how the world could alter

Lay had direct contact with the White House earlier when he reportedly met with President Clinton and Vice President Gore on Aug. 4, 1997, to prepare a U.S. strategy for an upcoming Kyoto climate summit that December.

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