But Mr Kroeber is among those to have changed his mind.

但葛艺豪等人如今已经改变了观点。

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Mr. Kroeber does not expect the RMB to gain enough value to cause “large-scale havoc” for exporters.

葛先生并不期望人民币获得足够高的升值，这样会使得出口贸易商受到大规模的损害。

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Companies making those things, however, will not be able to operate in traditional ways, Mr. Kroeber warns.

然而，这样做的公司将无法再按照传统模式运作，克鲁伯先生提醒道。

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Even these robust retail sales understate the strength of consumer spending, says Arthur Kroeber of Dragonomics, a Beijing-based economic research firm.

ECONOMIST: China's households are not as tight-fisted as you think

Overall, Dragonomics's Mr Kroeber thinks that GDP growth in the year to the first quarter of 2009 was not significantly overstated.

ECONOMIST: Is China overstating its true rate of growth?

One reason is that seasonal adjustment is tricky in such countries where the shift from agriculture to industry changes the pattern of seasonality over time, says Mr Kroeber.

ECONOMIST: Is China overstating its true rate of growth?