Their common ancestor is John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster and son of the 14th-century King Edward III of England.

他们共同的祖先是14世纪英国国王爱德华三世的儿子兰开斯特公爵约翰·冈特。

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Pope Gregory VII may have humiliated the Emperor Henry IV, as Innocent III later humiliated Philip Augustus of France and King John of England.

ECONOMIST: Medieval history