abstract:In classical antiquity, the Juvenalia, or Ludi Juvenales (Gr ), were scenic games instituted by Nero in 59 CE, at the age of 21, in commemoration of his shaving his beard for the first time, thus indicating that he had passed from youth into manhood. These games were not celebrated in the circus, but in a private theatre erected in a pleasure-ground (nemus), and consisted of every kind of theatrical performance, Greek and Roman plays, mimetic pieces, and the like.