Banks were quick to see a market based on accepting ITINs rather than social-security Numbers as identification for mortgage loans.

银行业迅速地看到，市场将视个别纳税人识别号码(而非社会安全号码)为按揭贷款的识别证明。

youdao

Most of these people were in the cash economy until 1997, when the Internal Revenue Service began to issue Individual Taxpayer Identification Numbers (ITINs) so everyone could pay taxes.

在1997年前，这部分人还是沉醉于现金经济；1997年后，美国收入署开始发放个别纳税人识别号码，于是，所有美国人都可以纳税。

youdao

The most significant change is that new ITINs will now expire after five years .

FORBES: In Effort to Curb Immigration Related Fraud, IRS Changes ITIN Procedures

"They know that people that are using ITINs are in the country illegally, " Dinerstein says.

NPR: U.S. Tax Program for Illegal Immigrants Under Fire

Over the weekend, the IRS announced important changes to the way it issues ITINs.

FORBES: As SCOTUS Rules On Arizona, IRS Struggles With Tax And Immigration Related Measures