For example, take Hurricane Katrina. You can put a value on property losses, what about psychological, sociological, and institutional costs.

就已卡特里娜飓风为例，我们能够对物资损失进行计量，但是心理的、社会的和公共制度的损失则难以计算。

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Besides causing the failure of governance structure, the failure of contract also makes higher institutional costs to the state - owned enterprises.

契约失效除了使法人治理结构失效外，还对企业带来较高的制度性成本。

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According to the relevant theories of institutional economics, this paper has analyzed the differences of the two kinds of institutional costs and has put forward the relative...

本文就是运用制度经济学的相关理论，针对这种差异性的制度成本进行分析，并得出了相关的结论和建议。

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Now, thanks to folks like Dave Cummings, trading costs are falling for institutional and retail investors.

FORBES: Magazine Article

There are economies of scale in oversight: While 10 or 20 basis points spent on oversight costs for a very large institutional investor might be prudent, that may be woefully inadequate for a smaller entity that is pursuing a high equity and highly diversified strategy.

FORBES: CIO Outsourcing: Questions Investment Committees Need to Ask

When institutional operations are not transparent, it can increase transaction costs, reduce the efficiency of public services, distort the decision-making process and undermine social values.

UNESCO: Accountability