The absence Institutional demand was also one of reasons for the failure of parliament but not the major reason.

制度需求的缺失也是造成国会失败的原因之一，但不是主要原因。

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And if retail investors continue to bail, as they have done during the past couple of weeks, this absence of institutional and retail interest could create a challenge for equities in the near term.

FORBES: Days Of Technical Reckoning Ahead

Mr Gilman cautions that Russia's fundamental institutional problems, including the absence of much rule of law, still need to be properly addressed.

ECONOMIST: The Russian default

The absence of price data creates particular difficulty for institutional investors that are required to mark their portfolios to market: investors in Mexico and South Korea have got around this by purchasing price quotes from independent vendors.

ECONOMIST: Economics focus