变形的分类：自由变形（free deformation）; 外观变形（visual deformation）; 内部变形 （ inner deformation ） 3、 焊接残余变形（welding residual deformation）的分类 ⑴ 纵向收缩变形：构件焊后在焊缝方向上发生的收缩。
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inner force and deformation 内力变形
deformation of inner cavity 内孔变形
inner force and deformation control 内力变形控制
uneven deformation of inner hole 内孔不均匀变形
Slope deformation monitor consists of surface displacement measurement and inner deformation measurement using inclinometers.
边坡监测包含了边坡表面与内部测斜。
To solve the deformation and accuracy problem in the inner hole machining, we utilized stitching and partition process.
再采用粘结分离工艺，简单、巧妙地解决了叶片分离加工中叶片易变形、内孔精度易丧失的问题。
The criterion of rock failure and inner boundary condition need to be considered carefully while processing the fault growth, movement and deformation.
断裂的发生、运动与变形涉及岩石破裂准则与内部边界处理。
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