When these mature industries are foreign, supporters of the infant industryargument call for tariffs, a tax on foreign goods, to force the foreign price above the already higher price of the infant domestic goods.
These forces are undercutting the coal industryargument that mountaintop mining is an unalloyed good because of the jobs it creates, and bring more companies to the table to talk about reining in their excavators.
The infant industryargument will complain that, in such cases, if the businesses involved were just given extra profits through tariffing their foreign competition, they could pay for the labor necessary to create the infrastructure that would allow them to compete naturally without the tariff.