The equilibrium concentration of complexing reagent is determined by both direct and indirect methods.

确定用直接法和间接法测定显色剂平衡浓度的方法；

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Indirect methods of estimation were used to calculate infant and under-five mortality from a household survey conducted in 2006.

使用间接估计方法计算作为2006年家庭调查对象的婴儿和5岁以下幼儿的死亡率。

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Determining whether such mirror neurons exist in humans will require more research, using indirect methods such as functional brain imaging.

判定人类是否有这样的镜像神经元存在需要更多的研究，采用间接的方法例如脑功能成像。

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Until Dr Agrawal's discovery, even these indirect methods were slow.

ECONOMIST: Number theory

To find out how warm the earth was before that, climatologists have had to resort to indirect methods, such as measuring tree-rings, or counting the different isotopes of oxygen in layers of polar ice.

ECONOMIST: The hole story of global warming

De Beers has been selling its diamonds and diamond jewelry through indirect methods to the U.S. For example, through a separate entity with luxury retail conglomerate, LVMH, it sells diamond jewelry on the retail level in the U.S. through the De Beers Diamond Jewellers brand.

FORBES: De Beers Seeks A Return to the U.S., Moves Diamond Operations To Botswana