In an optimizing compiler, the optimization can be divided into two categories: machine-independent optimization and machine-dependent optimization.

在一个优化编译器中，优化可分为机器无关优化和机器相关优化。

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Some portion of the 40 basis points charged by Vanguard for managed accounts is paid to a firm named Financial Engines for independent portfolio optimization.

FORBES: More Worries for Defined Contribution Plan Fiduciaries (August 31, 2006)