Therefore, instead of incoming light being focused to a perfect geometric point, the diffraction effect spreads the light into a disc with rings surrounding it.

因此，由于衍射存在，我们很难把入射光线集中在一点上，衍射使最终形成一个圆盘或者在外圈形成一个圆环。

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Healing Absorption: When you heal yourself, you'll receive an additional effect that absorbs incoming damage.

愈合吸收：当你医治自己，你会获得额外大意是吸收传入的损害。

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When a reader applies his background knowledge to guide him through reading, he in effect adopts the top-down process to make prediction ami assumptions about the incoming text.

当读者运用背景知识指导自己进行阅读时，他实际上采用的是“自上而下”的阅读过程，读者根据自己的知识和经验对阅读材料作出预测和假设。

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So, we do this here for the photoelectric effect, and in terms of the photoelectric effect, what we know the important point is that the incoming photon has to be equal or greater in energy then the work function of the metal.

所以，我们做这个是为了说明，光电效应，在光电效应方面，我们知道的最重要的事情,就是入射的光子能量必须等于,或者大于金属的功函数。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

The exact size and placement of the holes on each sheet, and the spacing between the sheets, has a predictable effect on incoming sound waves.

BBC: Acoustic 'cloaking device' shields objects from sound

When pressed to say whether more quantitative easing would have the desired effect, the incoming governor said, matter-of-factly, that Bank of Canada research had concluded the policy was having diminishing returns, especially in the US. He added this was "not surprising".

BBC: Governor Carney: Same remit, new ambition