To really understand the needs of the consumers, you must master all relevant information, including primary and secondary data.

要想真正的了解消费者的需求，你必须要掌握一切相关资料，包括一手和二手资料。

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There are several exemptions, including primary equity and bond issues, spot foreign-exchange deals and deals involving central clearing-houses.

税收也有一些豁免，包括主要股票和债券的发行、即期外汇交易以及涉及中央结算所的交易。

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The initial routine examinations showed no extrahepatic malignant tumor in these 37 cases, including primary extrahepatic carcinoma and extrahepatic metastasis of liver carcinoma.

此前的常规检查中，37例均未发现肝外恶性肿瘤(包括肝外原发肿瘤及肝癌肝外转移灶)。

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Amunugama,who is also the deputy finance minister, says the United States and the West have been supplanted as the primary aid donors by India, China,Japan,Iran and Arab countries, including Libya.

VOA: standard.2009.11.09

There are several exemptions, including primary equity and bond issues, spot foreign-exchange deals and deals involving central clearing-houses.

ECONOMIST: The European Commission gets busy

He said the aim of the project is to eventually have Swahili language software operating on thousands of computers at grass roots levels, including primary schools and universities.

BBC: Word processing in Swahili

Odzala is characterized by a rich variety of habitats, including primary rain forest with a closed canopy (e.g. with Entandrophragma utile, E. candollei and E. cylindricum) and open understorey layer, forests dominated by dense formations of Marantaceae, forest clearings and savannas on the hilltops (e.g. with Hymenocardia acida, Annona arenaria or Hyparrhenia diplandra).

UNESCO: Biosphere Reserve Information