Milankovitch proposed in the early twentieth century that the ice ages were caused by variations in the Earth's orbit around the Sun.

米兰科维奇在20世纪早期提出，冰河时代是由地球绕太阳运行轨道的变化引起的。

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The custom of choosing a sweetheart on this date spread through Europe in the Middle Ages, and then to the early American colonies.

中世纪时，在这个日子里选择意中人的习俗传遍了欧洲，然后又传到了早期的美洲殖民地。

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The opening paragraph invokes a vision of England in the early Middle Ages.

头一段的引言描绘出中世纪前期的英格兰景象。

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In the Middle Ages and to some extent in the Early Modern period, we live in a theocentric world.

在中世纪甚至是现在早期，我们生活在以上帝为中心的世界里。

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Is it any worse now than it was in early literary ages?

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For example, the rise of coffee in the Islamic world in the early Middle Ages is what led to the rise of coffeehouse culture in those countries, which fueled the intellectual ferment that led to the Islamic golden age.

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They both assumed leadership in their disciplines at relatively early ages and could have rested on laurels.

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