OBJECTIVE: We assessed in a randomized study the feasibility and efficacy of awake video-assisted thoracoscopic bullectomy with pleural abrasion to treat spontaneous pneumothorax.

目的：我们在一项随机研究中评估清醒下胸腔镜肺大疱伴胸膜磨损手术治疗自发性气胸的可行性及有效性。

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The study was part of a larger randomized controlled trial conducted in Mexico by researchers from Emory University and local investigators.

该研究是在墨西哥进行的一个更大的随机控制实验的组成部分，研究者是埃默里大学和当地的研究者。

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One of the best ways scientists have to prove cause and effect in medicine is to conduct a randomized controlled trial, in which study subjects are randomly assigned to two groups.

证明药理和药效的最好方法之一就是进行随机临床对照试验，在这个试验中其研究对象会被随机地分成两组。

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In a 28-week study of Alzheimer's patients, 250 were in a randomized trial to memantine or placebo.

CNN: Better understanding of dementia leading to more effective therapies

To really know whether antidepressants have long-term health risks, one would have to do a very, very large study in which 50 percent of the subjects were randomized to receive an antidepressant and the other 50 percent were randomized to take a placebo pill.

CNN: What are antidepressants' long-term effects?

The latest study, a randomized trial of 80 women and men published in Plos One by Harvard researchers, shows that even when clinicians told women with irritable bowel syndrome they are getting fake pills, the fake pills still worked.

FORBES: Sugar Pills Work Even When People Know They Are Fake