Its doctrines differ from those of Sankara chiefly because it attributes personality to the absolute spirit, who is the god Siva and not the impersonal brahman.

它的教义与与商羯罗的不同，主要是因为它把个性归结于绝对的精神，是湿婆神，而不是非人格梵。

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Pagan religions contain theogonies, birth of a god, "theogony", accounts of the births of gods. Now this impersonal primordial realm, Kaufman declares, contains the seeds of all beings.

异教有神谱，神族谱系，用来记载诸神的诞生的，考夫曼认为，这个可观存在的原始领域包含了万物的本源。

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