As on the Moon, the extent of large impact cratering (i.e. craters too big to have been filled in by erosion since they were formed) serves as an age indicator for the Martian surface.

与月球上相同，那些巨大陨石坑的范围（例如，那些巨大到自形成后尚未被尘埃填满的陨石坑）标志着火星表面的年龄。

youdao

The formation was originally thought to be caused by a meteorite impact but now geologists believe it is a product of uplift and erosion.

对于形成的原因，一开始认为是陨星的撞击造成的，但现在地质学家认为是地壳隆起和腐蚀的结果。

youdao

Meanwhile, slope gradient had a great impact on purple soil erosion processes.

同时，坡面坡度对紫色土坡面侵蚀过程有重要的影响。

youdao

Current government policy states it is not possible to prevent all areas from erosion, but "action is being taken to manage the risks and reduce its impact".

BBC: Norfolk

The weather impact was exacerbated by decades of extensive farming without crop rotation, cover crops and other techniques to prevent wind erosion.

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"Impact craters like this give us clues into how the Earth's crust is recycled and the speed of erosion, and may be implicated in episodes of widespread extinction of animals in the geological past, " Pratt said.

MSN: Massive meteorite crater found in Canadian Arctic