This formula for the structure of the anti-ice oceans provide a theoretical basis for calculating.

此公式能为海洋结构的抗冰计算提供理论依据。

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Some warming is certain, but the degree will be determined by cycles involving melting ice, the oceans, water vapour, clouds and changes to vegetation and plants.

一定程度的气候变暖是确定无疑的，但其程度将由冰的融化、海洋、水蒸气、云和植物的变化等循环过程所决定。

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These factors include the chaotic fluctuations of the atmosphere, the slower but equally erratic behavior of the oceans, changes in the land surfaces, and the extent of ice and snow.

这些因素包括混乱的大气波动、相对较慢但同样不稳定的海洋活动、地表变化，以及冰雪的覆盖范围。

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They claim they are losing shoreline because of melting ice and rising oceans, that floods and storms are more severe, causing greater damage, and that controlling smog is getting more difficult.

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First we were accused of causing melting polar ice caps, rising oceans and sweaty polar bears.

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To address these questions, scientists from China and elsewhere are rushing around the oceans from ice-cold polar regions to the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool, the warmest marine waters in the world.

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