If the formation water in Guantao formation is used as a source of water injection, swelling preventing agent shall be added to the injected water to prevent formation damage from hydrated clay swell.

若将馆陶组地层水作为注入水水源，必须在注入水中加入防膨剂以防止由于粘土水化膨胀而造成的地层伤害。

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When the salinity of injected fluid is not compatible with clay minerals in a reservoir, hydrated swell and dispersion of the clay minerals are caused, which makes permeability decreasing.

注入流体矿化度与储层中的粘土矿物不配伍时，会引起粘土矿物水化膨胀和分散，导致渗透率降低。

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Using filters on the rover's Mast camera (Mastcam) and an instrument which shoots neutrons into the ground to probe for hydrogen, researchers have detected more hydrated minerals near the clay-bearing rock than at locations Curiosity visited earlier in its mission.

BBC: Curiosity breaks rock to reveal dazzling white interior

On thermal satellite images, the soil here seemed to retain its heat unusually well a sign that it might contain clay or other hydrated minerals.

NEWYORKER: The Martian Chroniclers