Hostility towards outsiders is characteristic of both human and nonhuman animals.

敌视外来者是人类和其他动物共有的特征。

《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》

It's what motivates non-human animals, human infants and probably human adults to explore and seek out new things before growing less interested in them after continued exposure.

这是促使非人类动物、人类婴儿，甚至可能是人类成年人探索和寻找新事物的动力，而在持续接触之后，他们对新事物的兴趣会减弱。

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And then it becomes the non-human animals and the environment.

再再然后它变成了非人类动物和自然环境的代表。

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In the early days of human history, people survived by hunting wild animals, or gathering wild grains and plants for food.

VOA: special.2010.01.31

From that standpoint, from that theoretical standpoint, comes a methodological approach which is, if they're all the same then you could study human learning by studying nonhuman animals.

从这个理论观点中，可以得出一种研究方法,即，如果人类与动物并无差别,那你就能通过研究非人类动物的学习过程,来研究人类的学习过程。

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So it was a major change in human evolution where people started raising animals in large groups or started growing plants in large amounts.

这在人来演化史上是个巨大的变革,人类开始大规模饲养动物,或是大量种植农作物

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But what exactly is the moral relevance of empathy and altruism in non-human animals?

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Possibly he was referring to the old paradox of our dual nature as human animals: part logical, part intuitive.

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Oliveira brings a dry, sensual elegance to this tale of hearts confounded by circumstances and silences, and he portrays social formalities as mating rituals for human animals on the verge of brutality.

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