Hemagglutinin is a viral protein that enables the flu virus to enter host cells.

血凝素是一种病毒蛋白，能帮助流感病毒侵入宿主细胞。

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The virus must copy its genes into the host cells' chromosomes before these genes can be used.

在病毒的基因可以被使用之前，病毒一定要把它的基因复制到宿主的染色体中。

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Lentinan enable host cells to generate antitumor immune response by stimulating and enhancing immunological function response, and can control and kill tumor cells.

香菇多糖通过非特异性地激发和增强机体的免疫功能，使机体产生抗肿瘤免疫应答，从而控制和杀灭肿瘤细胞。

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In this case here, you're generating host cells, cytotoxic T-cells, that can kill only very specific cells, cells that are expressing this foreign antigen.

而在这个例子中,人产生宿主细胞,即细胞毒性T细胞,它只会消灭特定的细胞,也就是携带特定异己抗原的细胞

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

We talked about host cells that are perhaps infected with a virus, displaying pieces of that virus, antigenic pieces of that virus in the context of a surface receptor called MHC-1, presenting that.

我们说到过,可能受到病毒感染的宿主细胞,表现出病毒的一部分特征,病毒的抗原部分,其表面受体称为主要组织相容性抗原-1,MHC-1负责呈递抗原

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Took it out of the virus completely, cloned it into a plasmid, that plasmid was expressed in a foreign host, in this case it was expressed in yeast cells.

将基因从病毒中完全提取出来,并克隆制成质粒,该质粒在外来宿主中表达,此例中质粒在酵母细胞中表达

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Four of the genetic substitutions were in hemagglutinin, a protein on the surface of H5N1 that helps it to enter host cells.

WSJ: Scientists Craft Bird Flu Type That Can Be Transmitted Through Air

Langer envisions a time in the future when tissue banks are full of hearts, lungs, livers and pancreases, all grown on polymer scaffolds from stem, donor or host cells.

FORBES: Innovators

Dr Venter's was the real McCoy: when he put the viral DNA into host cells they started to spit out new viruses just as self-destructively as cells infected with the natural Phi-X174.

ECONOMIST: Artificial lifeforms