Rauch(1999)将商品归类为同质商品（Homogeneous goods）和异质商品（Differentiated goods）。在国际贸易中同质商品交易成功的信息成本较小，而异质商品交易成功的信息成本较大。
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不同卖者产品的替代程度 异质产品(Heterogeneous Goods) 同质产品(Homogeneous Goods) 第四部分：市场结构理论 4.市场进入的条件—难易程度的了解程度—信息问题 5.
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Homogeneous goods • Homogeneous goods (同质物品) : Goods regarded as identical by buyers d.
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Some goods, however, are of a special nature. They are homogeneous, so that no one unit can be distinguished from another.
但是某些物品却比较特殊，它们具有同质性，以至于一件这样的物品无法和另一件同类物品区分开来。
Further, it assumed that both goods were homogeneous.
此外，它假定货物均匀。
We also find that homogeneous products are twice as likely to have become more distance sensitive as compared with differentiated goods.
作者还发现，同类产品变得对距离敏感的可能性是异类产品的两倍。
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