The key fact in the harm reduction equation is that nicotine is not the harmful component of cigarettes, something that CFTFK and Altria ought to know by now.

FORBES: Magazine Article

Economists such as Mitchell Polinsky, of Stanford Law School, and Steven Shavell, of Harvard Law School, argue that to deter harmful conduct, punitive damages should be equivalent to the amount of harm caused, multiplied by the inverse of the probability of detection.

ECONOMIST: Punitive damages

It acts as a sunlight filter, shielding life on Earth from harmful ultraviolet rays that put humans at greater risk of skin cancer and cataracts and harm marine life, the agency said.

CNN: Ozone hole grows in 2008